Paxos, a small but historically rich island in the Ionian Sea, has a fascinating past that dates back to ancient times. Despite its size, it has played a significant role in various historical periods, from mythology and classical antiquity to Venetian rule and modern tourism.
Ancient Times & Mythology
According to Greek mythology, Paxos was created when Poseidon, the god of the sea, struck Corfu with his trident, breaking off a piece of land to form a secluded paradise for himself and his lover, Amphitrite.
Historically, Paxos was inhabited by the Phoenicians, and its name is believed to originate from their language. During classical antiquity, it was closely linked to Corfu, which was under the influence of Corinth and later the Roman Empire.
Roman & Byzantine Period
In 229 BC, Rome conquered Corfu and Paxos, using them as naval bases. The island remained under Roman rule for centuries, followed by the Byzantine Empire, which fortified it to protect against pirate raids.
During this time, small Christian communities formed, and many of the island’s early churches date back to the Byzantine period.
Venetian Rule (1386–1797)
Paxos, like the rest of the Ionian Islands, was under Venetian control for over four centuries. The Venetians influenced the island’s architecture, agriculture, and way of life.
- They encouraged the cultivation of olive trees, which remain a defining feature of Paxos today.
- Fortifications were built to defend against Ottoman and pirate attacks.
- The islanders adopted elements of Venetian culture and language.
French & British Rule
After the fall of Venice in 1797, Paxos briefly came under French control, followed by the Russians and Ottomans in 1799. In 1815, Paxos became part of the United States of the Ionian Islands, a British protectorate. The British improved the island’s infrastructure, including roads and schools.
In 1864, Paxos, along with the rest of the Ionian Islands, was officially united with Greece.
Modern History & Tourism
During World War II, Paxos suffered under Italian and German occupation. After the war, many locals emigrated due to economic hardships, but the island maintained its traditional character.
By the late 20th century, tourism started to develop, attracting visitors with its crystal-clear waters, traditional villages, and relaxed atmosphere. Today, Paxos remains a high-end travel destination, popular for sailing, boutique tourism, and those seeking an authentic Greek island experience
Paxos Today
While tourism is now the island’s main industry, Paxos retains its unique charm:
✅ Traditional architecture and Venetian influences
✅ Centuries-old olive groves producing high-quality olive oil
✅ A peaceful, unspoiled environment that attracts visitors looking for authenticity
From ancient myths to modern luxury tourism, Paxos has evolved while preserving its history and natural beauty. It remains a small paradise with a rich past waiting to be explored.
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